AI in
Healthcare

Use Cases & Applications

Cancer Prediction Using AI

Background

Cancer remains a significant global health challenge. Traditional
diagnostic methods, such as biopsies and imaging, can be
subjective and may not always detect the disease at its earliest
stages.

AI Application

Deep Learning models, especially Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNN), are being utilized to analyze medical images like
mammograms, CT scans, and MRI data. These models can spot
tiny irregularities or patterns indicative of early-stage cancer that
human eyes might miss.

Cancer Prediction Using AI

Use Case

Consider a patient who undergoes regular mammograms. Instead of solely
relying on radiologists, the mammogram images are also processed by an
AI algorithm. The AI system, having been trained on thousands of labeled
mammograms can instantly provide a risk assessment, aiding radiologists
in making a more informed diagnosis.

Benefits

Enhanced accuracy in detecting early-stage cancer. Reduction in manual
review time, leading to faster diagnosis. Minimized human errors, leading to a
decrease in false negatives.

Triage Wait Time Prediction

Background

Overcrowding in emergency rooms often results in patients
waiting for extended periods before receiving care.

AI Application

Machine Learning algorithms can analyze real-time hospital data,
like the number of incoming patients, their triage categories, and
the current occupancy of the ER, to predict patient wait times.

Triage Wait Time Prediction

Use Case

Imagine an ER where patients check in through a digital system.
Powered by AI, this system can instantly provide an estimated wait
time based on the patient’s ailment severity and the current ER load.
This allows patients to be mentally prepared and aids staff in
managing patient expectations.

Benefits

Transparent communication with patients. Improved resource
allocation, ensuring those with more urgent needs are attended to
promptly. Enhanced patient satisfaction due to reduced uncertainty.

NICU Condition Prediction In Pregnant Women Using AI

Background

NICU resources are finite and in high demand. Predicting the
need for NICU can be crucial.

AI Application

By analyzing prenatal data, AI can provide insights into potential
neonatal complications that might require NICU intervention
post-birth.

NICU Condition Prediction In Pregnant Women Using AI

Use Case

A pregnant woman undergoes regular check-ups. The data from these
check-ups, including sonogram images and blood tests, are analyzed by an AI
system. This system can then inform the doctor if the unborn child has a high
probability of needing NICU care, allowing for better planning and preparation.

Benefits

Proactive resource allocation for expected NICU admissions. Enhanced
prenatal care with early interventions when possible. Minimized emergency
NICU admissions due to better forecasting.

Health Insurance Claims

Prediction

Background

Insurance companies need to maintain a balance between
premiums collected and claims paid out.

AI Application

By using AI to analyze vast datasets comprising the policyholder
health data, past claims, demographic information, insurance
companies can predict future claims more accurately.

Health Insurance Claims Prediction

Use Case

An insurance company deploys an AI system to assess the potential
risk of new policyholders. By evaluating the applicant’s health data,
past medical history, and even genetic information, the AI can
categorize them into risk brackets, influencing policy pricing.

Benefits

Fairer pricing models based on individual risk. Efficient financial
management by insurance companies. Reduction in fraudulent claims
through AI-powered anomaly detection.

Prediction of Patient Re-admission within 30 days

Background

Frequent hospital readmissions strain healthcare resources and
often indicate suboptimal patient care.

AI Application

By analyzing post-discharge patient data, AI can flag individuals
at high risk of readmission, allowing for preemptive care
interventions.

Prediction of Patient Re-admission within 30 days

Use Case

After being discharged from a hospital post-surgery, a patient’s recovery data,
including vitals and rehab progress, are continuously monitored by an AI
system. If the system detects anomalies or patterns associated with
complications, it alerts healthcare providers to intervene and potentially prevent
readmission.

Benefits

Improved patient health outcomes. Efficient use of hospital resources.
Reduction in costs associated with repeated hospitalizations.

Prediction of Patient Stay at
Hospitals

Background

Efficient bed management is crucial for a smooth hospital
operations.

AI Application

Machine Learning models can analyze a patient’s diagnosis,
treatment plan, and past medical history to predict their hospital
stay duration.

Prediction of Patient Stay at
Hospitals

Use Case

Upon being admitted for a procedure, a patient’s data is fed into the
hospital’s AI system. The system, trained on thousands of
similar cases, predicts the patient’s stay duration, helping hospital
administrators in bed allocation and resource planning.

Benefits

Efficient bed management and turnover. Enhanced patient experience
due to better-prepared care. Reduction in over or under-booking of
hospital resources.

Use Cases

Data Science Use Cases in Healthcare

Medical Image Analysis

According to IBM, medical images contain around 90% of the overall medical data. Doctors are utilizing medical imaging methods to envisage body parts. A few image processing algorithms take the input image to improve, section, and denoise images. Descriptive image recognition algorithms are later leveraged to excerpt the insights and understand the results to propose better treatment solutions.

Drug Discovery

The drug discovery procedure is highly complicated. It costs around $2.6 billion and around 12 years to take it from the lab to the market. But right now, the algorithms and models have drastically minimized the laboratory work involved in the drug discovery process. Data Science has helped researchers to examine the outcome of chemical combinations easily to extract vital insights like genetic mutations, kind of cell, and several other details. Several unsupervised ML algorithms aid to discover improved drugs for the people.

Data Governance and Data Management

Managing a huge amount of data generated in the healthcare industry is really difficult. It is in hand-written registers and so Data Science can be of immense help here. It will convert all the paperwork into a digital form by using numerous Machine Learning algorithms. The ML algorithms will aid to extract key insights from the existing patient data and then evaluate it with the data that is already stockpiled in the database to find the best treatment for the patient.

Diseases prevention with Predictive Analysis

Data Science in healthcare has allowed doctors to foresee the events that take place during the treatment process. So, many serious diseases can be treated if detected at the right time. Therefore, foreseeing the diseases and the risks in the treatment will help to figure out better prevention plans.

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